Advocates of common factors, such as Bruce Wampold, argue that research supporting the differential effectiveness of certain psychotherapies is misleading for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:
a. treatment differences ignore therapist effects resulting in overestimation of treatment effects.
b. comparison therapies used in randomized clinical trials are barely therapies at all.
c. researcher allegiance effects are larger than differences among treatment effects.
d. client selection biases in randomized controlled studies inflate treatment effects.
D
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According to the World Health Organization (WHO; 2009), rates of suicide in the U.S./Canada range from
a. 11-13 persons per 100,000 b. Less than 6.5 persons per 100,000 c. 6.5 to 13 persons per 100,000 d. None of the above
The process of theoretical adaptation includes
a. Eliminate Assumptions, Identify Limitations, Codify Concepts, and Interventions. b. Illuminate Assumptions, Specify Limitations, Evaluate Clients, and Diversify Interventions. c. Eliminate Assumptions, Specify Limitations, Evaluate Clients, and Diagnose Interventions. d. Illuminate Assumptions, Identify Limitations, Simplify Concepts, and Diversify Interventions.
Neuroscience research strongly supports a wellness and positive approach to counseling
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
Which of the following is NOT discussed in the textbook as a multicultural implication of Gestalt therapy?
a. Gestalt therapy may be inadequate for dealing with clients who value inter-relatedness over individuality. b. The Gestalt emphasis on sensuality over rationality resonates with women of all cultural backgrounds. c. A Gestalt counselor is less likely to inflict his or her own cultural values on clients. d. The focus on integrating polarities can assist clients who feel split between the demands of two cultures. e. Clients from cultures that prize the intellect do not respond well to the anti-intellectualism of Gestalt therapy.