What is the role of interferons?
a. Protecting cells against viral infections
b. Engulfing and digesting pathogens
c. Producing inflammatory molecule
d. Killing viral and cancerous cells
a. Protecting cells against viral infections
The role of interferons is to protect the cells against viral infections.
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The key feature of the action potential that prevents it traveling backwards towards the soma as well as forwards down the axon is
A. the activation state of the voltage-gated Na+ channel. B. the inactivation state of the voltage-gated Na+ channel. C. the activation state of the voltage-gated K+ channel. D. the inactivation state of the voltage-gated K+ channel. E. the temporary cessation in activity of the Na+/K+ pump.
When fluorescently labeled oligonucleotides that are known to be specific to the microbe of interest are used to label natural samples, the technique is known as ________.
A. fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) B. epifluorescence microscopy C. gel electrophoresis D. polymerase chain reaction (FISH)
Viruses are made of the same four types of biological molecules as living cells. These include all of the following except
a. lipids. b. capsids. c. carbohydrates. d. proteins. e. nucleic acids.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs)
A. are long RNA molecules. B. are cut by an enzyme called transcriptase. C. silence the expression of specific mRNAs. D. are found only in animals.