List the stage of prenatal development. Identify the time during pregnancy when each stage happens as well as the major features of each stage.
What will be an ideal response?
The first prenatal stage is the germinal stage, which begins at conception and lasts for approximately two weeks into the pregnancy. Fertilization of an ovum by a sperm cell produces a zygote. Once that zygote has undergone sufficient cell division, it will become an embryo, thus starting the second stage of prenatal development. This stage, the embryonic stage, lasts from the start of the third week until the end of the second month. Several major body structures begin to form, as do major systems of the developing child. It will have a very human-like shape and will develop some finer details that give a familiar appearance (lips, limbs, ears, nose, jaw, etc.).This second stage, the embryonic stage, is when the child is most susceptible to the impact of a variety of teratogens. This is due to the fact that this stage is a critical period for certain essential types of growth.The third stage is the fetal stage, and it lasts for the rest of the pregnancy. Organs grow and start to function. Various forms of movement become possible. Sucking movements become possible, as some sensory systems begin early stages of functioning. The child may, later in this stage, begin showing some responses to external stimuli.
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