Which of the following best describes the fundamental difference between two different chemical elements (such as oxygen and carbon)?
A) They have different numbers of protons in their nucleus.
B) They have different names.
C) They have different numbers of electrons.
D) They have different atomic mass numbers.
A
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If the half-value layer for a particular energy gamma ray is 0.40 cm of lead. What fraction of a beam of these photons will penetrate 1.00 cm of lead?
A. 0.40 B. 0.18 C. 0.067 D. 0.60 E. 0.72
Since an electron is so less massive than a proton, what is the approximate mass and charge of a neutral hydrogen atom?
a. the mass of an electron, negative b. the mass of a proton, neutral c. the mass of a neutron, positive d. the mass of a proton and neutron, positive
Which of the following best describes why the smaller terrestrial worlds have cooler interiors than the larger ones?
A) They were cooler when they formed. B) The smaller ones are farther from the Sun. C) They have relatively fewer radioactive elements. D) They have relatively more surface area compared to their volumes. E) They had more volcanic eruptions in the past, which released their internal heat.
An astronaut weighs 99.0 N on the Moon, where the acceleration of gravity is 1.62 m/s2. How much does she weigh on Earth?
A) 16.2 N B) 61.0 N C) 99.0 N D) 600 N E) 440 N