How does the hydrogen bonds of water influence the physical properties of the ocean?

Answer 1

The polar nature of water permits it to attract to other water molecules. A hydrogen bond forms when a hydrogen atom (the positive end) in one water molecule is attracted to the oxygen atom (the negative end) of an adjacent water molecule. Hydrogen bonds greatly influence the properties of water by allowing individual water molecules to stick to each other, a property called cohesion. Cohesion gives water an unusually high surface tension, which results in a surface "skin" capable of supporting small objects from needles to walking insets. Adhesion, the tendency of water to stick to other materials, allows water to adhere to solids, that is, to make them wet. Cohesion and adhesion are the causes of capillary action, the tendency of water to spread through a towel when one corner is dipped in water.
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Hydrogen bonds are also what give pure water its pale blue hue. When water molecules vibrate, adjacent molecules tug and push against their hydrogen-bonded neighbors. This action absorbs a small amount of red light, leaving proportionally more blue light to be scatter back to our eyes. The same blue color is seen in ice formations.