According to the text, the prevalence of school violence is difficult to pin down because not all incidents are reported, and:
a. most cases are dismissed.
b. because the parties involved are minors.
c. discipline matters are handled within the school.
d. there is no consensus as to what constitutes “violence.”
ANS: D
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In Erik Erikson's first psychosocial stage, trust versus mistrust, infants should a. learn to cope by delaying gratification when their needs are not met quickly
b. develop trust via a secure, comfortable environment and reliable adults. c. begin to separate from primary caregivers and learn to rely on their own initiative. d. learn that they won't always get their own way so they can develop healthy emotional attitudes.
When should the physical environment be adjusted during the time that children are engaged with the materials in an activity?
a. when unforeseen events occur b. when a safety issue that was not anticipated becomes apparent c. when children’s previous knowledge or skill was not accurately estimated d. All of the above
Research on infants and young children has shown that:
a. they are basically a "tabula rasa" or blank slate. b. they are much less expressive of emotion than adults. c. they are capable of expert behavior in some domains. d. they seem to have biological propensities to learn certain concepts and skills.
Marc is a qualitative researcher who needs to interview both expert and novice teachers for a study. He expects to interview about 50 teachers. Which sampling strategy will Marc likely use?
a. Simple random b. Systematic c. Criterion d. Intensity