The primary means of communication between the developing human fetus and the

"outside" world is through the mother's hormone system. When Mom hears a jackhammer,
her adrenaline level surges. That hormonal change is transmitted to the fetus and its
resulting somersaults are caused by the hormones, not the noise. If Mom is injected with an
adrenaline-inhibiting drug and there is noise of a jackhammer, the fetus shows no response.



What will be an ideal response?


(Causal conclusion. The argument provides evidence according to the methods of
agreement and difference. The fetus kicks when adrenaline is present but does not
kick when adrenaline is not. It is not obvious, however, that the noise is not causally
related to the kicking because (1) noise is present in both cases and (2) the adrenaline
inhibiting drug is present in the second case. It is possible that the drug inhibits the
fetus' response as well.)

Philosophy & Belief

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