A significant fraction of the earth’s carbon is found

in all EXCEPT which of the following forms?
a. carbonate ions
b. carbon dioxide
c. bicarbonate ions
d. carbon monoxide
e. detritus in soil


Answer: d

Biology & Microbiology

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Is it as effective to take two antibiotics sequentially for an infection as it is to take them simultaneously, so long as the total length of time of the treatment is the same?

A. No. There's always one specific antibiotic that will be the most effective, and that is the only antibiotic that should be used to treat a particular infection. B. Yes. So long as the length of time is the same, the two treatments should be essentially the same in terms of effectively eliminating the infection. C. No. Taken sequentially, the first antibiotic will select for the small portion of the population that will spontaneously mutate towards resistance. Then, the second antibiotic will do the exact same thing-selecting for resistance to the second drug from the few bacterial cells that remained from the first drug treatment. D. It depends. Provided that the majority of the infectious agent is killed off by the first drug, the likelihood that the few that are left would not also be killed by the second drug is low. However, simultaneous treatment should be more effective at eliminating all the microbes in the shortest time possible, and with the least probability of selection for multiple drug resistance mutations.

Biology & Microbiology

Protein(s) that play a role in initiating transcription in eukaryotes include

_____ general transcription factors. _____ transposase. _____ RNA polymerase II. _____ mediators. _____ general transcription factors and RNA polymerase II.

Biology & Microbiology

Select the following that describes the urinary bladder.

a. stores urine b. bladder wall is expandable c. has three openings d. Produces urine

Biology & Microbiology

DNA polymerase can only elongate a piece of DNA or RNA

a. true b. false

Biology & Microbiology