Summarize two pathways to colon cancer. What will be an ideal response?
ANSWER: The first pathway to FAP colon cancer begins with a mutation in the APC gene. This
mutation causes formation of large numbers of noncancerous polyps that slowly progress to
cancer. The second pathway to HNPCC colon cancer begins with a mutation in a DNA repair
gene. Polyps form slowly but mutations accumulate rapidly, making it almost certain that at
least one polyp will progress to colon cancer.
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As you are analyzing the blood sample of a human patient, you note an abnormally high number of erythrocytes. Predict the effects of this situation.
A. Less oxygen would reach the tissues. B. More nutrients would reach cells. C. Immune function would improve. D. The ease of flow for the blood could decrease.
What proteins are bound to enhancers, forming a protein "bridge" that bends the DNA over the promoter to initiate transcription?
What will be an ideal response?
The hominoids and the __________ share a common ancestor that diverged to form these two groups
a. lemurs b. tarsiers c. New World monkeys d. orangutans e. Old World monkeys
Asbestos is a material that was once used extensively in construction. One risk from working in a building that contains asbestos is the development of asbestosis caused by the inhalation of asbestos fibers. Cells will phagocytize asbestos, but are not able to degrade it. As a result, asbestos fibers accumulate in _____.
A) mitochondria B) ribosomes C) peroxisomes D) lysosomes