Which of the following is an example of the type of discrimination based on discretionary decisions that is difficult to prove?
a. The majority of upper-level managers at a corporation are white males.
b. A college uses quotas in an affirmative action program to increase diversity.
c. An employee handbook states that women cannot hold jobs in the company that involve lifting more than 50 pounds.
d. A police department's policy states that pregnant officers must be confined to a desk, rather than serving in the field.
a
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Since rule changes adopted in 1996, under the presidency of Bill Clinton, the number of TANF recipients in Texas has been
a. substantially reduced. b. slightly reduced. c. maintained at a fairly constant level. d. slightly increased. e. substantially increased.
Living in a political society entails __________.
A. giving the state a monopoly over the legitimate use of violence B. participating in elections and other political events C. punishing violent behavior D. rejecting anarchy
What is "constructive no-confidence" as found in Germany?
a. the public's systemic lack of confidence in hierarchical institutions b. a procedure for ousting the president with a majority vote in the Bundesrat c. a rule that only members of the Bundestag can be dismissed through a vote of no-confidence d. a rule that a new chancellor must be simultaneously voted in when the current chancellor is voted out
When dictators liberalize in an attempt to co-opt opposition groups, they are trying to strengthen their hold on power. If they miscalculate and assume that the opposition is weak when in fact it is strong, their liberalizing attempts might embolden the opposition groups and eventually lead to a democratic transition. But if the opposition group is actually weak, and the dictator mistakenly thinks it is strong, then the dictator will not dare to liberalize in the first place, which is unfortunate for civil society whose members could have benefited from the liberalization. If you were a member of the opposition (civil society) and you were interested in a transition to democracy, or at least a liberalization of the regime, would you be better off in the situation in which the dictator
(liberalizers) knew for sure the exact strength of civil society, or in the situation in which the dictator was uncertain whether civil society was strong or not? A. The opposition is always better off under conditions of certainty. B. The opposition is always better off under conditions of uncertainty. C. It would depend on whether the opposition was strong or weak. A weak opposition would prefer certainty, but a strong opposition would probably prefer uncertainty.