A study was conducted to evaluate staff nurses' perceptions of a good nurse manager. The researcher identified the nurses involved and shared individual responses with the managers. This best describes a violation of which principle?
1. Anonymity.
2. Coercion.
3. Confidentiality.
4. Informed consent.
3
Rationale 1: Anonymity occurs when no one, including the researcher, can link subjects with the data they provide. If this study had been conducted anonymously, the researcher would not have been able to reveal individual staff responses because the researcher would be unable to link the staff and their responses.
Rationale 2: Coercion occurs when a potential study subject feels "forced" or "required" to participate in a study. The decision to participate in a study should be made freely without fear of reprisal or because of some potential compensation.
Rationale 3: Confidentiality involves protection of subjects' identities and the researcher's care of private information shared by subjects. In a study conducted in a confidential manner, the researcher can link responses to individual study subjects. Confidentiality is compromised if a researcher allows others to have access to raw data from a study.
Rationale 4: Informed consent concerns subjects' participation in research in which they have full understanding of the study before the study begins.
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