Which statements regarding newborn screening programs would the nurse recognize as supporting the ethical principle of autonomy?
Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1. Mandatory newborn screening programs should be standardized across all states.
2. Parents should have the right to decide if their infant will undergo newborn screening.
3. Newborn screening identifies some treatable conditions and serves to improve the life of the child.
4. Newborn screening identifies some treatable conditions and serves to improve the health of the nation.
5. Ideally the parents would decide which newborn screens are performed.
2,5
Rationale 1: Making newborn screening mandatory removes the right of autonomy or "the capacity for self-determination."
Rationale 2: Strictly speaking, for the concept of autonomy to be upheld, the newborn should be making this decision. Because newborns do not have this capacity, parents serve as their surrogates. The parents must be competent to fill this role.
Rationale 3: This statement is a reflection of the paternalistic view of medicine. This view is one of knowing what is best for another, what they would logically desire, and what they see as an improvement in their life. The client's autonomy is removed.
Rationale 4: This statement reflects beneficence or doing the most good for the most people.
Rationale 5: This statement reflects self-determination or autonomy. As the newborn lacks the capacity to make decisions, competent parents serve as surrogate decision makers.
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