A teenage boy was found by friends as he attempted to hang himself in a garage using chains suspended from the ceiling. As you approach, you note that the patient is conscious, struggling significantly to breathe, is ashen in color around the mouth and to the hands, and has contusions and swelling that encircle his neck from the chains. After taking manual cervical spine motion restriction and opening the airway, your next action would be to:
A) Start positive pressure ventilation
B) Size and apply a cervical collar
C) Perform a secondary assessment
D) Log roll the patient onto a long spine board
A) Start positive pressure ventilation
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Visual auras occur
a. In all people with migraines b. In 50% of people with migraines c. In one-third of people with migraines d. In less than 5% of people with migraines
Which of the following is a ventilator mode that allows the ventilator to switch from pressure control to volume control or vice versa?
a. Dual-control mode c. Volume-control mode b. Flow-control mode d. Pressure-control mode
After initially conducting a pre- and postbronchodilator assessment on a stable asthmatic patient admitted to the hospital, how often would you recommend reassessment of peak expiratory flow rate/forced expiratory volume in 1 second?
a. With each treatment b. Twice daily c. Once per day d. Every other day
An 18-year-old, 5'6", 125 lb female patient was admitted to the hospital 2 days ago for spinal meningitis
She developed sepsis and suffered hypercapnic respiratory failure. The patient was intubated and placed on volume-controlled continuous mandatory ventilation (VC-CMV), respiratory frequen-cy (f) 12 breaths/min, tidal volume (VT) 600 mL, positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) 5 cm H2O, fractional inspired oxygen (FIO2) 0.40. Twenty-four hours later, the patient's oxygen re-quirements have dramatically increased and her lung compliance has dramatically dropped, while her chest X-ray showed development of bilateral fluffy infiltrates. The most appropriate actions to take include which of the following? a. Keep VT the same, increase f to 25 breaths/min, increase PEEP to 12 cm H2O. b. Decrease VT to 250 mL, increase f to 15 breaths/min, increase PEEP to 15 cm H2O. c. Increase VT to 550 mL, decrease f to 8 breaths/min, increase PEEP to 10 cm H2O. d. Decrease VT to 400 mL, decrease f to 8 breaths/min, decrease PEEP to 3 cm H2O.