The nurse is performing a neurological assessment on a client experiencing anosmia. Which cranial nerve does the nurse assess to further investigate this issue?
1. Trochlear (cranial nerve IV).
2. Trigeminal (cranial nerve V).
3. Olfactory (cranial nerve I).
4. Oculomotor (cranial nerve III).
Correct Answer: 3
Anosmia is the absence of the sense of smell and can be indicative of problems with the olfactory nerve (cranial nerve I). The trochlear nerve (cranial nerve IV) is responsible for eye muscle movements. Dysfunction of the trochlear nerve may include diplopia or strabismus. The trigeminal nerve (cranial nerve V) has three branches. The ophthalmic branch is responsible for sensory impulses from scalp, upper eyelid, nose, cornea, and lacrimal gland. The maxillary branch is responsible for sensory impulses from lower eyelid, nasal cavity, upper teeth, upper lip, and palate. The mandibular branch controls sensory impulses from the tongue, lower teeth, skin of chin, and lower lip. Motor action function includes teeth clenching, movements. Dysfunction of the trigeminal nerve may be associated with a loss of facial sensation, sensation deficits in the tongue, lower teeth, skin of the chin and lower lip, and an inability to clench the teeth. The oculomotor nerve (cranial nerve III) is associated with papillary reflexes and extrinsic muscle movements of the eyes.
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