A way of controlling the birth of the fetal head with a vertex presentation is with:
1. the Ritgen maneuver.
2. fundal pressure.
3. the lithotomy position.
4. the De Lee apparatus.
1
1. Correct. The Ritgen maneuver extends the head during the actual birth and protects the perineum.
2. Incorrect. The application of gentle, steady pressure against the fundus of the uterus faci-litates vaginal birth.
3. Incorrect. The lithotomy position has been commonly used in Western cultures, partially because it is convenient for the health care provider.
4. Incorrect. The De Lee apparatus is used to suction fluid from the infant's mouth.
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