The nurse knows that the dehydration associated with diabetic ketoacidosis results from
a. increased serum osmolality and urea.
b. decreased serum osmolality and hyperglycemia.
c. ketones and potassium shifts.
d. acute renal failure.
A
Hyperglycemia increases the plasma osmolality, and the blood becomes hyperosmolar. Cellular dehydration occurs as the hyperosmolar extracellular fluid draws the more dilute intracellular and interstitial fluid into the vascular space in an attempt to return the plasma osmolality to normal.
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The nurse is teaching a client about the structures of the GI tract. Which structures should the nurse include in the teaching session? (Select all that apply.)
Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. 1. Stomach 2. Liver 3. Large intestine 4. Pancreas 5. Gallbladder
Long-acting benzodiazepines are metabolized by the liver to form active metabolites, which are inactivated after forming conjugates with ________.
A. glucuronic acid B. hyaluronic acid C. ascorbic acid D. linoleic acid
A patient has a serum calcium level of 7.9 mg/dL. Which nursing interventions would be appropriate for this patient?
1. Treat tachycardia. 2. Monitor for the development of hypertension. 3. Place on seizure precautions. 4. Strain all urine. 5. Reorient as indicated.
A patient arrives at the emergency department stating that she was raped, but she felt so "dirty" that she went home and showered. She states that she has on clean clothes but has her other clothes in a bag
What will the nurse tell the patient? 1. "I understand why you felt dirty, but you know you should not have taken a shower.". 2. "We will probably never find out who raped you, since you destroyed evidence.". 3. "Do you want an emergency contraceptive pill?" 4. "I understand that was important to you. We will see what we can get from your clothes, and give them to the authorities.".