Nash is fed up with hearing his friends brag about the tricks their dogs can do, so he decides to train his hyacinth macaw how to shoot basketball, using a bird-size ball and hoop. He starts out by giving Indigo a treat for touching the ball with his beak. When Indigo reliably touches the ball, Nash begins reinforcing Indigo for picking the ball up in his beak, and, behavior by behavior,
eventually trains Indigo to shoot hoops. Nash is using ____.
a. ?reflex arcs
b. ?shaping
c. ?classical conditioning
d. ?observational learning
ANSWER:
b
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