Rose needs to remember how to get to a new friend's house. If she does not remember how to get there, what could have gone wrong with her memory system? Answer the question by describing the three basic memory processes.
What will be an ideal response?
Remembering how to get to a new friend's house involves putting information into memory in a form that the memory system can accept and use. Encoding can be visual, acoustic, or semantic. Rose may not have encoded the information about where her new friend lives. Storage means maintaining the information in the system over time. Procedural, semantic, and episodic memories can be stored for a long time. Given that the physical structures involved in memory are normal and the information has been encoded properly, failure to remember should not be due to a storage problem. Retrieval involves recalling information stored in memory and bringing it into consciousness. People often search memories looking for information. Rose may be unable to retrieve the information about where her friend lives because she did not make meaningful associations when she learned the information, the cues she needs may be missing, or she may be experiencing problems with decay or interference.
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As Chapter 8 pointed out, couples who live together prior to marriage are more likely than other couples to get divorced. Based on this information, what can you conclude?
a. People who live together before marriage don't have high moral standards, so they would not feel guilty about getting a divorce. b. People who live together before marriage don't have friends who would criticize them for getting a divorce. c. People who live together before marriage don't really respect each other, so they are likely to get a divorce. d. The two factors are related, but you cannot draw any conclusions about causality.
"The frequency total for the column times the frequency total for the row divided by the sample size," describes what?
What will be an ideal response?
Your client suffers from claustrophobia and can't get on the elevator at her place of employment. The therapist helps her construct an approach hierarchy to work towards riding the elevator. The client is trained in relaxation before the approach hierarchy is used. This method is indicative of
a. modeling. b. systematic desensitization. c. aversive conditioning. d. flooding.
Which of the following people have fallen prey to the fundamental attribution error?
a. Cindy, who explains her poor exam performance by pointing out how hard the questions were. b. Tim, who points to a person who fell down and says, "What a clumsy oaf!" c. Guillermo, who explains his girlfriend's tears by saying, "She didn't get enough sleep last night." d. Dien, who points to an erratic driver and says, "Look at that! The roads are slick tonight."