_______________ was an alternative to incarceration that was usually only used with offenders who had committed petty crimes. If the offender violated the terms of this agreement, the binding was claimed by the state, and the offender might then face incarceration or some other form of punishment—often including physical sanctions.

a. benefit of clergy
b. judicial reprieve
c. sanctuary
d. recognizance


d. recognizance

Criminal Justice

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Which abnormal chromosomal structure is associated with the concept of a "supermale"?

a. XY b. XXY c. XXX d. XYY

Criminal Justice

The exclusionary rule was established by the U.S. Supreme Court in in 1914 in ______________.

a. Wolf v. Colorado b. Weeks v. United States c. Elkins v. United States d. Terry v. Ohio

Criminal Justice

What are the differences between the offenses "trafficking of persons" and "continuous trafficking of persons"?

a. Two or more offenses within 30 days b. Enhanced to 25 years to life (99 years) c. All of the above d. None of the above

Criminal Justice

When are arrestees offered to complete telephone calls?

a. No later than 6 hours after arrival into Booking Facility b. No later than 8 hours after arrival into Booking Facility c. No later than 2 hours after arrival into Booking Facility d. No later than 4 hours after arrival into Booking Facility

Criminal Justice