Describe and provide an example of each of the three concepts of Julian Rotter's social learning theory
What will be an ideal response?
Answer will include that the "cognitive behaviorism" of social learning theory can be illustrated by the three classic concepts proposed by Julian Rotter: the psychological situation, expectancy, and reinforcement value. Although examples of the three concepts will vary, they must illustrate each concept's definition. For example, someone trips you. Your reaction will probably depend on whether you think it was planned or an accident. It is not enough to know the setting in which a person responds. We also need to know the person's (1) psychological situation (how the person interprets or defines the situation). As another example, if you score low on an exam, do you consider it a challenge to work harder, a sign that you should drop the class, or an excuse to get drunk? Again, your interpretation is important. Our actions are also affected by (2) an expectancy, or anticipation, that making a response will lead to reinforcement. To continue the example, if working harder has paid off in the past, it is a likely reaction to a low test score. But to predict your response, we would also have to know if you expect your efforts to pay off in the present situation. In fact, expected reinforcement may be more important than actual past reinforcement. In addition, the values you attach to grades, school success, or personal ability are important.
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Research shows that there is often a strong association between feeling negative emotions and overeating. However, this association does NOT occur ____
a. among people with binge eating disorders b. among people who regularly binge eat (regardless of whether or not people have a binge eating disorder) c. unless people are overweight or obese d. unless people believe that eating will make them feel better
Jordan has developed a noticeable tremor and is experiencing dizziness and muscular weakness. Her doctor tells her that she has a crippling disease that will eventual progress to the point that she will have difficulty standing, walking, or feeding herself. Jordan most likely has
a. spinocerebellar degeneration. b. degenerative agnosia. c. motor aphasia. d. progressive virilism.
A person who needs nine hours per night, but is only allowed to sleep for six hours per night, would be said to suffer from
a. insomnia. b. sleep apnea. c. hypersomnia. d. a sleep debt. e. a circadian cataplexy.
The preconscious refers to information that is ordinarily outside of your awareness, but that can become available to you with focused attention and effort
Indicate whether this statement is true or false.