Prior to the decision in Miranda v. Arizona (1966), the Supreme Court ruled that in federal cases, the legality of confessions was determined by applying the ________________ test under the privilege against self-incrimination

Fill in the blank(s) with correct word


voluntariness Bram v. U.S. (1897)

Criminal Justice

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At a bar, Marge approaches Jim because she recognized him from previously dating her roommate. Jim buys Marge a few drinks and they talk for hours. As the bar closes, Jim asks Marge to come back to his place for a few more drinks. Marge goes along and when they get back to the apartment, Jim takes Marge into the bedroom. There, Jim begins taking off Marge’s clothes when she tells him to stop. Marge testifies that she told Jim she had a boyfriend hoping that would be incentive for Jim to stop. Jim continued to remove her clothing, then his own, and proceeded to have intercourse with Marge. When asked why she did not resist, she testified that she was afraid that he would hurt her. Her roommate had been beaten by Jim in the past, and she was fearful that he would beat her as well. When

the intercourse was complete, Marge ran out of the apartment and went to the police. Analyze and discuss the case under the intrinsic force test. What will be an ideal response?

Criminal Justice

The Nuremberg Principle supports the view that ______.

a. counterintelligence programs are necessary to harass and disrupt legitimate political activity b. one should disobey unjust laws when morality calls for it c. the “end justifies the means” to serve the public utility d. “whistelblowing” is a necessary evil to protect the general public from political corruption

Criminal Justice

What percentage of the nation's population is served by law enforcement agencies practicing community policing?

a. 56% b. 72% c. 91% d. 81%

Criminal Justice

What structure does each yakuza group have?

A) ?matrix B) ?pyramid C) ?flat D) ?holacratic

Criminal Justice