A 45-year-old patient was diagnosed with an anterior myocardial infarction. The patient asks the nurse why his chest hurt when he had his heart attack. What is the best response from the nurse?
a. "One of your heart valves wasn't working properly and caused an obstructed blood flow."
b. "One of your coronary arteries had a spasm, and your heart muscle wasn't able to get enough blood."
c. "Your heart muscle was deprived of oxy-gen, which caused chest pain."
d. "The heart muscle is sensitive to changes in electrical conduction."
C
When decreased myocardial blood perfusion is extensive or perfusion is completely blocked, the tissue becomes necrotic and a myocardial infarction occurs. Angina or angina pectoris is the result of decreased blood flow to the myocardium as a result of coronary artery spasms or temporary constriction. When stenosis occurs in the aortic and pulmonic valves, the adjacent ventricles work harder to move the ventricular volume beyond the stenotic valve. When regurgitation occurs, there is a backflow of blood into an adjacent chamber, which causes either pulmonary or systemic congestion. A dysrhythmia is a disturbance in the electrical impulse of the heart rhythm. Any rhythm not generated at the sinoatrial node is classified as such. Dysrhythmias are primary conduction disturbances that occur as a response to ischemia, valvular abnormalities, anxiety, and drug toxicity (e.g., digoxin toxicity).
You might also like to view...
A postpartum woman is about to be dismissed with her baby when she reveals to the nurse that she is homeless and has nowhere to go. What action by the nurse is most appropriate?
A. Call Child Protective Services to come get the infant. B. Enlist social work to find a shelter that will take them. C. Remove the infant and take him to the newborn nursery. D. Tell the patient that the baby cannot be dismissed without a home.
The nurse is reviewing laboratory studies of an 85-year-old client admitted for pneumonia. The client has had a decrease in appetite and has not eaten well in the past few days
The BUN is elevated but the creatinine clearance is within normal values. The nurse's assessment of this finding would indicate the need to A) inform the physician of the BUN result. B) assess urine output. C) assess intake and output and dietary intake of protein. D) monitor the client for medication side effects related to decreased excretion by the kidneys.
Which of the following will the nurse assess as a normal variation of age on vital signs?
a. An infant has a lower respiratory rate than a young adult. b. A 1-year-old has a higher body temperature than an adult. c. A 2-year-old has a lower pulse rate than an adult. d. A newborn has a higher blood pressure than an adult.
A nurse executive is writing the job description for the hospital's newly created case manager position
Which job responsibilities should the executive include? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Select all that apply. 1. Collaborating across disciplines to plan patient care 2. Coordinating care to increase cost-effectiveness 3. Developing nursing service work schedules 4. Reducing fragmentation of care 5. Determining when the patient can be discharged from the facility