Discuss changes in self-esteem in adolescence
What will be an ideal response?
Self-esteem, the evaluative side of self-concept, continues to differentiate in adolescence. Teenagers add several new dimensions of self-evaluation—close friendship, romantic appeal, and job competence—to those of middle childhood. Level of self-esteem also changes. Though some adolescents experience temporary or persisting declines after school transitions, self-esteem rises for most young people. Teenagers often assert that they have become more mature, capable, personable, and attractive. In longitudinal research on a nationally representative sample of U.S. youths, an increasing sense of mastery—feeling competent and in control of one's life—strongly predicted this age-related rise in self-esteem. In adolescence, authoritative parenting continues to predict high self-esteem, as does encouragement from teachers. In contrast, feedback that is negative, inconsistent, or not contingent on performance triggers, at best, uncertainty about the self's capacities and, at worst, a sense of being incompetent and unloved. Teenagers who experience such parenting tend to rely only on peers, not on adults, to affirm their self-esteem—a risk factor for adjustment difficulties.
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Dr. Ep has found that no matter how students score on the first midterm, all the students in her class tend to score between 75% and 80% on the final exam. This suggests that:
a. there is a relatively strong positive correlation between the scores on the first midterm and the scores on the final exam b. there is a relatively strong negative correlation between the scores on the final exam and the scores on the first midterm c. the scores on the final exam and the first midterm are not very highly correlated d. Dr. Ep should change the final exam so it is more fair to students who are not doing well in the course
Approximately what percent of adolescents belong to a clique?
A) 10 B) 30 C) 50 D) 70
The totality of an individual's genes is referred to as his or her ____
a. phenotype b. genotype c. inheritance d. environment
Five-year-old Gabrielle has watched "Sesame Street" regularly since she was years old. Five-year-old Francesca has watched "Sesame Street" only rarely. You would expect to find
a. that Francesca is better than Gabrielle at recognizing letters and numbers. b. that Gabrielle will spend more time reading in high school than Francesca. c. that Francesca will adjust to school more readily than Gabrielle. d. no differences between Francesca and Gabrielle in terms of their academic skills or adjustment to school.