Bicarbonate is an important buffer in blood and its concentration is regulated by the
A) heart.
B) lungs.
C) liver.
D) kidneys.
E) pancreas.
Answer: D) kidneys.
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Why are telomeres a necessary component of linear chromosomes?
A. They direct where DNA synthesis will begin. B. They fix mistakes that are made during DNA replication. C. They extend the life of cells because DNA is shortened every time it is replicated. D. They direct where DNA synthesis will end. E. None of the answer options are correct.
There is a spectrum of syndromes in humans known as Xeroderma pigmentosum
The individuals that have XD most commonly have mutations in their nucleotide excision DNA repair mechanisms that make them particularly susceptible to environmental mutagens such as UV light. Individuals have to be careful with how much sunlight they are exposed to since they have an extremely elevated chance for developing skin cancer.. There have been several cell lines that have been established from XD patients that can be studied in tissue culture. In an experiment several different cell lines of unknown origin were tested for their ability to undergo unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS), an assay for DNA repair. In this assay the amount of radioactive nucleotides that are incorporated into DNA after the cell sustains a mutagenic event are measured. The amount of radioactivity incorporated is measured by the number of counts per minute (CPM). Below is a table from such an experiment. Which cell line is most likely from XD patient(s)? Cell line CPM in UDS assay CPM if no mutagenic event A 2,500 2,750 B 300,000 5,000 C 45,000 25,000 D 275,000 50,000 Wild-type control 750,000 75,000 A. A B. B C. C D. D
The smooth ER is the primary site for the synthesis of phospholipids and cholesterol needed to make ____
a. DNA b. ATP c. ribosomes d. hormones e. cell membranes
In a songbird species, defending a territory saved the bird 584 calories a day in reduced foraging activity, but cost the bird 656 calories in defense of the territory. Is defending the territory consistent with the prediction from optimal foraging theory, and what can explain this?
A. Yes, because a bird of this species will minimize predation risk by defending the territory. B. No, but there may be non-nutritional benefits to defending territory. C. No, so it is likely that the researcher made a mistake in data collection. D. No, so that demonstrates that optimal foraging theory is not useful. E. Yes, because the bird will save 72 calories per day due to defending the territory.