The alcoholic patient says to the nurse, "I am not an alcoholic. I can quit any time I want to." The nurse recognizes the defense mechanism of:
a. repression.
b. denial.
c. rationalization.
d. intellectualization.
B
Denial is ignoring reality in spite of hard evidence. Denial is a mechanism frequently used by substance abusers. Repression refers to unconsciously blocking an unwanted thought or memory from open expression. Rationalization attempts to justify a behavior or action by making an excuse or an explanation. Intellectualization is the excessive reasoning and logic to counter emo-tional distress.
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