Which independent nursing measures are effective in aiding a patient to expectorate? (Select all that apply.)
a. Positioning in orthopneic position
b. Suctioning
c. Assisting to cough
d. Providing hydration
e. Starting IV fluids
f.
Starting mucolytic agents
ANS: A, B, C, D
Independent nursing intervention to help a patient to expectorate would include positioning, assisting to cough, suctioning, and providing hydration IV therapy; provision of a mucolytic agent requires a physician's order and is not an independent nursing action..
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True False