Which clinical manifestation in a client with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus should the nurse expect as a result of the presence of ketoacid in the blood?
A. Increased rate and depth of respiration
B. Extremity tremors followed by seizure activity
C. Oral temperature of 102° F (38.9° C)
D. Severe orthostatic hypotension
A
Ketoacidosis decreases the pH of the blood, stimulating the respiratory control areas of the brain to buffer the effects of increasing acidosis. The rate and depth of respiration are increased (Kussmaul respirations) in an attempt to excrete more acids by exhalation.
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When the nurse assesses the function that provides the body with a means of gas exchange, it includes an evaluation of:
a. diffusion c. respiration b. perfusion d. ventilation
A nurse is working with a patient who needs to change unwanted or undesired behavior. The nurse recognizes that which patient response indicates that patient is at the pre-contemplation stage of the stages of change model? Select all that apply
1. The patient denies having a problem. 2. The patient acknowledges the problem. 3. The patient has no desire to change the problem. 4. The patient begins to make plans to change the problem. 5. The patient begins to seriously consider changing the problem.
The patient has not signed consent for surgery and has received a narcotic before going to surgery. The nurse should
a. have the patient sign the consent form b. have the patient's closest relative sign the consent form c. notify the physician in the operating room d. send the patient to surgery
When teaching a group of older adults regarding prevention of gastroesophageal reflux disease symptoms, the nurse practitioner will include which of the following instructions?
A. Raise the head of the bed with pillows at night and chew peppermints when symptoms of heartburn begins B. Raise the head of the bed on blocks and take the proton pump inhibitor medication at bedtime C. Sit up for an hour after taking any medication and restrict fluid intake D. Avoid food intolerances, raise head of bed on blocks, and take a proton pump inhibitor before a meal