How do Horney’s and Fromm’s emphasis on social influences on behavior compare?
Using Horney’s psychoanalytic social theory, analyze Shimin’s behavior by answering the following questions.
What will be an ideal response?
Horney’s and Fromm’s theories are similar in their emphasis on the social influences on behavior. Both believed that culture and childhood social experiences helped to shape personality. One can see this emphasis in Horney’s concept of basic anxiety that develops because of parental neglect or overindulgence. All the methods that Horney suggests we use to cope with basic anxiety involve modes of interacting with others. Fromm’s mechanisms used to escape feelings of isolation due to experiencing freedom (which results in basic anxiety) are similar to Horney’s trends. Fromm’s authoritarianism and conformity are similar to Horney’s trend of moving toward others. Fromm’s destructiveness mechanism is similar to Horney’s trend of moving against others. Fromm’s relatedness need (i.e., the need to connect with, or form a union with, others) also illustrates his emphasis on social factors.
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