The Abbasid caliph al-Ma?mun?s policy to reduce the power of the ulama
A) resulted in steps toward separation of church and state.
B) made the caliph the final arbitrator of the law.
C) became a fundamental facet of modern Islam.
D) asserted that the Qur?an was the eternal word of God.
E) failed to introduce reform.
E
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The Paris Commune established in 1871 best reflects the goals of which ideology?
A) socialism B) nationalism C) liberalism D) conservativism
Why did President George W. Bush not ratify the Kyoto Protocol that set targets for reducing greenhouse emissions in industrial nations although the United States had signed it when it was initially written in 1997?
A) It exempted China and relied on governmental controls to develop "green" technology. B) Americans refused to change their driving habits and continued to purchase gas-guzzling cars. C) He did not believe the scientific evidence linking climate change to human activity. D) He supported conservatives who wanted to drill for oil in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge rather than depending on Middle Eastern oil.
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What will be an ideal response?
During the revolutionary period, abolitionist sentiment spread and people began to __________.
a. question the constitutionality of slavery b. criticize slavery in other than religious language c. tighten slave laws throughout the North d. favor racial equality