A refrigerator uses mechanical work to transfer heat from a colder region to a hotter one, as shown in this schematic. Why is it not possible to remove heat from the cold region and transfer it to the hot region without the input of work by an external source?
a. It would violate the first law of thermodynamics.
b. It would violate the second law of thermodynamics.
c. Both a. and b.
d. It would be possible only if the machine did not lose some energy as heat because of friction.
b
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