Regarding the activities of an organism, motivation is the process of initiating, directing, sustaining, and __________ these activities
a. supplying
b. terminating
c. surveying
d. elaborating
B
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Incentives refer to:
a. internal states that have the capacity to motivate goal-directed behaviors b. learned patterns of responding that occur reflexively in the presence of specific stimuli c. external factors that have the capacity to motivate goal-directed behaviors d. unlearned patterns of responding that are controlled by specific triggering stimuli
A potential danger of an intelligent person using only rational thinking is that
a. correct conclusions may be drawn from faulty logic. b. it can lead to correct, but uninspired answers. c. a tendency to think "outside of the box" occurs. d. divergent thinking can lead to tangential reasoning.
Freud's theory:
a. meets the parsimony criterion b. is precise but not testable c. fails to meet the parsimony criterion d. has no heuristic value
Don's therapist has directed him to document on a daily basis the times, places, and conditions under which he goes to smoke a cigarette. Don discovers that he often ends up smoking outside his office building with his boss and enjoys the chance to chat with her. The therapist explains to Don that these conversations are:
a. a kind of counterconditioning. b. a form of transference. c. unconditional positive regard. d. acting as a reinforcer.