Define asteroid, comet, dwarf planet, meteor, and meteorite
What will be an ideal response?
Answer:
a. Asteroid: A relatively small and rocky object that orbits a star; asteroids are officially considered part of a category known as "small solar system bodies."
b. Comet: A relatively small, icy object that orbits a star. Like asteroids, comets are officially considered part of a category known as "small solar system bodies."
c. Dwarf planet: An object that orbits the Sun and is massive enough for its gravity to have made it nearly round in shape, but that does not qualify as an official planet because it has not cleared its orbital neighborhood. The dwarf planets of our solar system include the asteroid Ceres and the Kuiper belt objects Pluto, Eris, Haumea, and Makemake.
d. Meteor: A flash of light caused when a particle from space burns up in our atmosphere.
e. Meteorite: A rock from space that lands on Earth.
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A) Its atmosphere is transparent to visible light. B) Its atmosphere is transparent to infrared radiation. C) Its atmosphere is as dense as that of Earth. D) Its atmosphere is mostly composed of carbon dioxide.
Scientific models are used to ________
A) make miniature representations of the universe B) present the scale of the solar system to the general public C) prove that past paradigms no longer hold true D) make specific predictions that can be tested through observations or experiments
A substance composed of two or more elements chemically combined in a definite, fixed proportion by mass is
a. a molecule. b. a compound. c. an ion. d. a mixture.
As measured from the Earth, a spacecraft is moving at speed 0.80c toward another spacecraft moving at speed 0.60c in the same direction, i.e., the first spacecraft is catching up with the second spacecraft. What is the speed of the first spacecraft as viewed from the second spacecraft?
a. 0.38c c. –0.38c b. –0.20c d. not given