Which of these is not a reason that sociologists are critical of psychological theories of deviance?
a. psychological theories often over-emphasize social, economic, and cultural factors.
b. psychological theories focus on deviance such as murder, rape, and drug addiction with relatively little to say about such deviance as white-collar crime.
c. psychological theories tend to view deviance as the result of physical or psychiatric defects rather than as actions considered deviant by social and legal definitions.
d. psychological theories of deviance cannot explain why deviant behavior is engaged in by individuals not classifiable as pathological personalities.
e. psychological theories, with their emphasis on pathology—deviants are "psychopaths" or "antisocial personalities"—suggest eugenic solutions to the crime problem that are unacceptable to some segments of society.
A
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a. true b. false
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