Inflammation is initiated by cellular injury and: (Select all that apply.)
a. is necessary for tissue repair.
b. inhibits the process called chemotaxis.
c. is harmful when uncontrolled.
d. is less efficient when complement proteins are present.
e. occurs when mediators cause vasoconstriction.
A, C
Inflammation is initiated by cellular injury, is necessary for tissue repair, and is harmful when uncontrolled. When cellular injury occurs, a process called chemotaxis generates both a mediator and a neutrophil response. Mediator substances (histamine, serotonin, kinins, lysosomal enzymes, prostaglandin, platelet-activating factor, clotting factors, and complement proteins) are released at the site of injury. These mediators cause vasodilation, increase blood flow, induce capillary permeability, and promote chemotaxis and phagocytosis by neutrophils. Inflammatory symptoms such as redness, heat, pain, and swelling are sequelae of these responses. Complement proteins enhance the antibody activity, phagocytosis, and inflammation.
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