A patient is diagnosed with a viral infection. The nurse realizes that which of the following chemicals produced by the immune system will participate in the patient's body to fight this infection?
1. Interferon
2. Tumor necrosis factor
3. Tissue factor
4. Interleukin
Interferon
Rationale: Interferons are proteins made and released by T cells when the invading organism is a virus. Interferons protect other cells from viral attack, inhibit the production of the virus within infected cells, prevent the spread of the virus to other cells, and enhance the activity of macrophages to kill the virus. Tumor necrosis factor is a small peptide that is instrumental in the initiation of the inflammatory response. Tissue factor stimulates platelets to begin clot formation and stop blood loss from injured blood vessels. Interleukin enable the cells of the immune system to communicate and coordinate the immune response.
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What action by the nurse is best? a. Ask the family members to wait in the waiting area. b. Inform the client that this behavior is unacceptable. c. Stay out of the room to decrease the client's stress levels. d. Tell the client that anxiety is common and that you can help.
A prescriber has ordered propranolol [Inderal] for a patient with recurrent ventricular tachycardia. The nurse preparing to administer this drug will be concerned about what in the patient's history?
a. Asthma b. Exercise-induced tachyarrhythmias c. Hypertension d. Paroxysmal atrial tachycardia associated with emotion
A child is diagnosed with acute rheumatic fever. Which of the following would the nurse expect to find?
A) Janeway lesions B) Jerky facial and upper extremity movements C) Black lines D) Osler's nodes
The nursing plan of care for a 4-year-old following a tonsillectomy should include which of the following concepts?
A) Analgesic dosing is based on year in school and weight. B) Administer analgesics by the least painful route. C) Administer analgesics only when the Wong-Baker FACES scale indicates a pain rating of 6 or higher. D) Administer analgesics rectally.