According to the hedonic dysregulation theory of addiction,
a. psychological dependence can be explained by changes in brain processes and the recruitment of antireward systems.
b. the balance of activity in brain reward and antireward systems shifts continually with repeated drug use.
c. addiction entails disruption of both within-system and between-system neurocircuitry and neurochemistry.
d. participation in nondrug activities becomes less and less reinforcing so that, eventually, their control over behavior diminishes.
e. all of the above changes take place in addiction.
Answer: E
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