Explain equivocality.
What will be an ideal response?
Equivocality references the ambiguity of information available to
organizations. Messages are equivocal to the extent there may be multiple
understandings of the information. Equivocality is different from the concept of
uncertainty. When individuals are uncertain about a message, they can gather
more information to reduce uncertainty. However, when individuals find a
message to be equivocal, they do not need additional information; instead, they
must decide which one of multiple interpretations is the best fit.
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Studies on ethical behavior have attempted to relate differences in ethical conduct to differences in individual background, religious orientation, age, gender, nationality, and education-collectively, these are all ________ factors.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
The provision and deprivation of a treatment may pose an ethical dilemma for a researcher.
a) True b) False
A graphical device for presenting categorical data summaries based on subdivision of a circle into sectors that correspond to the relative frequency for each class is a _____
a. histogram b. stem-and-leaf display c. pie chart d. bar chart
A standard cost system records costs at their actual amounts.
Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)