Which of the following led to a vast increase in the number of occupational health nurses?
a. Increasing autonomy and salaries of nurses in that role
b. Increasing industrialization of all societies
c. Society demanding improvements in safety for all workers
d. The health of workers involved in manufacturing during World War II was crucial
ANS: D
Industrial nurses have always been autonomous in their practice and received appropriate pay, except during the Great Depression when many nurses lost their positions. The focus of health care for employees changed as a result of many factors, including the impact of the two world wars. During World War I, the government demanded health services for workers at factories and shipyards holding defense contracts. In 1942, during WWII, the U.S. Surgeon General told an audience of nurses that the health conservation of the "industrial army" was the most urgent civilian need during the war. Not all societies have industrialized.
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