What is automatic thinking, and what are the two major types of automatic thinking that people use?
What will be an ideal response?
Answer: Automatic thinking is nonconscious, unintentional, involuntary, and relatively effortless. Two major forms of automatic thinking are schemas and heuristics. Schemas are mental structures that people use to organize their knowledge about the social world. They are often activated without awareness and without intent. When we cannot immediately process information with an existing schema, we use heuristics, or mental shortcut strategies, to solve problems and to determine which schema is most applicable. Heuristics, too, are often used automatically, unconsciously, and unintentionally.
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From a social-cognitive perspective, competencies, encoding strategies, and _______ affect career choices
a. career self-efficacy expectancies b. academic achievement c. parents' careers d. level of abstract thinking
Several basic principles comprise the psychodynamic perspective, including
a. childhood experiences have little impact on adult personality. b. causes and purposes of human behavior are not always obvious. c. people use meditation to control anxiety or stress. d. all of the above are principles within the psychodynamic perspective.
Negative punishment procedures involve the ____________ following the occurrence of a problem behavior
a. removal of an aversive stimulus b. removal of a reinforcing stimulus c. presentation of a reinforcing stimulus d. presentation of an aversive event
The corpus callosum is a thick band of fibers that connect
a. the hindbrain to the midbrain. b. the motor cortex to the frontal lobe. c. hindbrain to the spinal cord. d. the two cerebral hemispheres.