While taking a history from an adult client newly diagnosed with renal cell cancer, the nurse can associate which of the following high-risk factors with the development of this cancer?

A) Heavy smoking
B) Inherited renal disease
C) Adrenal medulla tumors
D) Anorexia/bulimia disorder


Ans: A
Feedback:
Epidemiologic evidence suggests a correlation between heavy smoking and kidney cancer. Obesity also is a risk factor; particularly in women. The risk of renal cell carcinoma also is increased in persons with acquired cystic kidney disease associated with chronic renal insufficiency. Although the adrenal gland is adjacent to the kidney, primary adrenal tumors are unrelated to renal cell disease.

Health & Biomechanics

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