An increased arterial-to-end-tidal partial pressure CO2 gradient can help identify which of the following?
a. Pulmonary embolism
b. Dynamic hyperinflation
c. Cardiogenic pulmonary edema
d. Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema
ANS: A
Capnographic findings can provide a clue to the presence of a PE. A decrease in the end-tidal carbon dioxide (PetCO2) value compared with previous readings and a widening of the arteri-al-to-end-tidal partial pressure CO2 gradient (P[a-et]CO2) may suggest the presence of an embolus.
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