Somatic mutations (mutations in the body of animals that are not transmitted via the germline to offspring) in immune system cells help long-lived organisms keep pace with fast-evolving pathogens
Does this observation support the red queen hypothesis? Briefly justify your answer.
What will be an ideal response?
ANS:
No, this process does not require sexual reproduction.
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The botulinum toxin, which causes botulism, reduces the synaptic release of _____
A) acetylcholine B) epinephrine C) endorphin D) nitric oxide E) gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
VNTRs and STRs differ in that
A) a VNTR repeat is shorter than an STR repeat. B) a VNTR repeat is longer than an STR repeat. C) a VNTR is a type of copy number variant and an STR is not. D) an STR is a type of copy number variant and a VNTR is not.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) usually causes death by ____
a. paralysis b. heart failure c. respiratory failure d. brain death e. liver failure
Four of the five actions listed below are responses to
cold temperatures. Select the exception. a. vasoconstriction of peripheral blood vessels b. uncontrolled muscular contraction c. thermoreceptors send messages to the hypothalamus d. enhanced secretion of sweat glands e. increased metabolic reactions