From the late 1990s to 2010, law enforcement agencies reported that a national total of 6.1–7.7% of gang members were ______.

A. female
B. male
C. juvenile
D. Irish


A. female

Criminal Justice

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Which of the following was not suggested as necessary for the improvement of criminal justice research by Bayley?

a. the need for interdisciplinary approaches b. the attacking of practical problems in criminal justice c. the use of the experimental model in all projects d. avoidance of "methodological narcissism"

Criminal Justice

During a traffic stop, whether a citation is issued or not, an officer should lecture the driver on the observed violation.

Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)

Criminal Justice

A ________ usually is organized, has a leader, and is ruled by emotion.

A. league B. society C. crowd D. mob

Criminal Justice

Modus operandi is based on the theory that humans are

a. creatures of habit. b. victims of circumstances. c. habitual criminals. d. stupid.

Criminal Justice