The nurse is preparing for the arrival of a new client at a drug abusers' residential treatment center and prepares to explain to the client that the emphasis of the center is on group and social interaction, and that rules and expectations are
mediated by peer pressure. The most likely focus of therapy of this residential center is: 1. Milieu therapy
2. Aversion conditioning
3. Systematic desensitization
4. Cognitive-behavioral therapy
1
Rationale: Milieu therapy, or "therapeutic community," has as its focus a living, learning, or working environment. Such therapy may be based on any number of therapeutic modalities, from structured behavioral therapy to spontaneous, humanistically oriented approaches. Its character-istics include an emphasis on group and social interaction, and rules and expectations that are mediated by peer pressure. Systematic desensitization is a form of behavior modification therapy that involves increased exposure to an object or situation that causes anxiety. Exposure to the object increases until the anxiety about the object ceases. Cognitive-behavioral therapy is used to help clients identify and examine dysfunctional thoughts, as well as identify and examine values and beliefs that maintain these thoughts. In aversion conditioning, a stimulus attractive to the client is paired with an unpleasant event in an attempt to endow it with negative properties.
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