Explain the processes involved in lithification of sediment into sedimentary rock
What will be an ideal response?
Lithification is the conversion of loose sediment into solid rock. The processes involved are compaction and cementation. The weight of accumulating sediment provides the pressure to compact sedimentary layers. During compaction, sediment grains rotate and repack closely together, which reduces the pore space between the grains. The second step, cementation, involves filling the pore spaces with precipitated minerals. As the environment changes, with increasing pressure and temperature, ions saturated in fluids that runs between the grains of the sediment can precipitate, which fills the pore spaces and surrounds the sediment particles. This makes the grains interlocking into a rock.
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Link earthquakes and landslides
What will be an ideal response?
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