A one shot case study design is/are ____________________
a. an effect of two independent variables operating simultaneously and in combination on a dependent variable. It is a larger effect than occurs from the sum of each independent variable working separately
b. experimental designs that lack random assignment or use shortcuts and are much weaker than the classical experimental design. They can be substituted in situations in which an experimenter cannot use all the features of a classical experimental design, but have weaker internal validity
c. an experimental design with only an experimental group and a posttest, no pretest.
d. a pre-experimental design that has one group, a pretest, treatment, and a posttest. It lacks a control group and random assignment
e. an experimental design in which the dependent variable is measured periodically across many time points, and the treatment occurs in the midst of such measures, often only once
C
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Quantitative research is better than qualitative research
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
The "normal primitive" is a stereotypical image of:
a. violent offenders in nineteenth-century American cities. b. rule-breakers who engage in repetitive crime but have not been labeled deviant. c. minorities whose limited education and lack of job skills predispose them to violence. d. thieves in economically undeveloped societies.
There are criticisms that efforts to control green crime are not successful because law enforcement efforts are stratified by race and class: authorities seem to be less diligent when green crimes occur in minority or lower-class areas
Indicate whether the statement is true or false