SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. Studies by Whyte (1943) and Suttles (1968) imply which of the following about the application of social disorganization theory to gangs?

a. Disorganization is a misleading term, and should be used with caution.
b. Social disorganization theory does not need any modification to be applicable to gangs.
c. Gangs actually reflect strategic responses to disorganization in communities.
d. Gang activity occurs across cities and communities, not just in those that are impoverished and/or disorganized.


a. Disorganization is a misleading term, and should be used with caution.
c. Gangs actually reflect strategic responses to disorganization in communities.
d. Gang activity occurs across cities and communities, not just in those that are impoverished and/or disorganized.

Criminal Justice

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The most widely use research technique in the social sciences is _________

Fill in the blank(s) with correct word

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