An older adult client is brought to the emergency department from a long-term care facility
The client has been experiencing fever, nausea, and vomiting for the past 2 days. The client denies thirst. Urine dipstick indicates a decreased urine specific gravity. Based on this data, which diagnosis does the nurse anticipate?
A) Congestive heart failure
B) Dehydration
C) Fluid overload
D) Normal changes of aging
Answer: B
Older adult clients are less able to concentrate their urine, making them susceptible to dehydration. In addition, there is a deficit of the thirst response. However, fever, nausea, and vomiting resulting from these changes are not considered normal. The client's symptoms of nausea and vomiting suggest decreased intake and increased output through vomiting, placing the client at risk for dehydration. Congestive heart failure and fluid overload would present with respiratory difficulty and peripheral edema.
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