Which of the following are variables? (Select all that apply.)
a. Sanctity
b. How many times the experimental monkey rings the bell
c. Déja vu
d. The number of speeding tickets Richard receives in July of this year
e. Darwin's theory of evolution
ANS: B, D
To make a concept more concrete, the researcher identifies how the concept will be measured or observed. These measurable terms are referred to as variables. A variable is more specific than a concept and implies that the term is clearly defined and measurable. The word variable implies that the numerical values associated with the term vary from one instance to another. The key concept here is measurement: can this idea by measured, as stated?
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A client who lives with her roommate in a condominium seeks advice about episodes of strange
behavior observed by the roommate but that the client cannot remember. The roommate has observed her leaving the condo wearing seductive clothing, quite different from her usual wardrobe, and returning 12 to 24 hours later, after which she sleeps for 8 to 12 hours. Episodes have also occurred in which the client and her roommate have argued about household matters and the client has gone to sit on the floor in the corner of the kitchen. While seated there she has spoken like a young child. The nurse should assess that the ego defense mechanism responsible for the client's condition is most likely a. rationalization. b. dissociation. c. projection. d. symbolization.
Pulmonary ventilation is the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide:
A) Between the alveoli and the blood through the alveolar-capillary membrane. B) Between the lungs and the atmosphere through the naso- and oropharynx. C) Between the systemic capillaries and the tissue at the cellular level. D) Within the cell membrane.
Qualitative description is often a powerful means of enhancing this type of validity of settings?
A) Statistical conclusion validity B) Internal validity C) Construct validity D) External validity
A person has fainted. You should do which of the following?
a. Loosen tight clothing. b. Lower the person's legs. c. Have the person walk around to stimulate circulation. d. Assist the person to a sitting position as he starts to wake up.