According to routine activity theory, the volume and distribution of predatory crimes in a particular area and at a particular time is influenced by the interaction of three variables. Which of the following is NOT one of these variables?

a. the availability of suitable targets
b. the absence of law enforcement
c. the presence of motivated offenders
d. the absence of capable guardians


b. the absence of law enforcement

Criminal Justice

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Prior to today, rehabilitative efforts were tied to ______.

a. political reforms b. religious reforms c. educational reforms d. medical reforms

Criminal Justice

Answer the following statement(s) true (T) or false (F)

Most victims of sexual crimes do experience a physical injury.

Criminal Justice

By 2050, senior citizens will outnumber ________ for the first time in history, which is noteworthy since individuals will require additional care and support as they grow older.

Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).

Criminal Justice

The word that forms the simple predicate of the sentence is a _____

a. Noun b. Pronoun c. Verb d. None of the above

Criminal Justice